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#Ketoconazole crema skin#

In recent years, both topical and oral allylamine and triazole antifungal drug resistance has become a problem, particularly in the Indian subcontinent.Įxtensive therapy-resistant dermatophyte infection should prompt this as a possible problem. Ketoconazole is not thought to interact with the oral contraceptive pill. The following drugs markedly decrease the concentration of ketoconazole: Antidiabetic sulphonylurea medication (tolbutamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide).The antihistamines astemizole (Hismanal®) and terfenadine (Teldane®).Ketoconazole may increase the concentration of these drugs and enhance their effect: Ketoconazole interacts with alcohol rather like disulfiram (Antabuse®) and can cause severe nausea and vomiting. It is also contraindicated with the anticoagulant, dabigatran because of the risk of bleeding.Īs ketoconazole needs acid for its absorption, antacids, H2 antagonists (cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine) and omeprazole should not be taken for 2 hours after ketoconazole.If long-term treatment with a statin and ketoconazole is required, suitable alternatives are fluvastatin, pravastatin and rosuvastatin. Toxicity results in muscle pain and weakness, which may be serious. Ketonazole should not be taken with the HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor simvastatin, and the dose of atorvastatin should be reduced.Ketoconazole is a p- glycoprotein inhibitor and can have serious interactions with other medications. Although only excreted in tiny amounts from breast milk, it should only be taken by a breastfeeding mother if essential. Ketoconazole should not be taken in pregnancy. It may exacerbate adrenal insufficiency ( Addison disease) Endocrine effects including enlarged breasts (in males), alopecia and impotence.

#Ketoconazole crema skin#

Allergic skin rash including urticaria.

Adrenal insufficiency: ketoconazole reduces the body's production of cortisol.

Abnormal liver function tests (15%) severe hepatitis can occur in 1:10,000 patients.

The main concern with ketoconazole is the risk of liver problems, usually after it has been taken for prolonged periods (weeks). The rest is eliminated in faeces and urine either unchanged or after conversion by the liver into inactive compounds. It takes three to ten hours for half of the medication to be cleared from the blood stream. It is bound to proteins such as albumin in the circulating blood and is widely distributed in body tissues. The oral medication is somewhat better absorbed when it is taken with a fatty meal or acidic drink (e.g. The dose in children is usually 50 mg per day for those weighing less than 20 kg and 100mg daily for those 20-40 kg. Nail infections are treated for up to twelve months. The oral dose of ketoconazole in adults is 200 to 400 mg daily, taken for two to eight weeks (a single dose may be effective for pityriasis versicolor). Very high concentrations of the drug develop within the skin, so it is effective in treating superficial fungal infections. Ketoconazole reaches the surface of the skin through normal blood circulation, sweat and sebum (skin oils). As it may still be available elsewhere, information about the product is included below.

Oral ketoconazole was discontinued in New Zealand 1 December 2013. They are subsidised on prescription, but can also be obtained over the counter at a chemist.

Ketoconazole 2% Cream (Nizoral Cream®) daily and 2% Shampoo (Nizoral®, Sebizole®) twice weekly are used for seborrhoeic dermatitis, a common scaly rash affecting scalp and face. Ketoconazole is effective against a broad spectrum of fungi including: In New Zealand, it is available as shampoo and cream. Ketoconazole binds to the fungal p450 enzymes and stops the cells making ergosterol, the main component of the cell wall. Ketoconazole is an imidazole medicine used to treat fungal infections.